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TM 10-3930-671-24
4.1. Engine Maintenance -
Oil and Filter Change
Oil Change Frequency ................................................................... F-65
Oil Level Check Procedures........................................................... F-65
Oil and Filter Change Procedures .................................................. F-66
Oil Change Frequency
NOTE
The time interval for changing engine oil will depend
upon your application and operating conditions. To
determine the correct schedule for your truck, it is
suggested that you periodically submit engine oil
samples to a commercial laboratory for analysis of the
condition of the oil.
Engine oil does not "wear out." However, the lubricating
oil
in
internal-combustion
engines
becomes
contaminated from the by-products of combustion: dirt,
water, unburned fuel entering the crankcase, and the
detergents holding the carbon particles in suspension in
the crankcase.
Motor
oils
used
for
internal-combustion
engine
lubrication perform many useful functions including:
dissipating heat, sealing piston rings, preventing metal-
to-metal contact wear, and reducing power loss through
friction.
The lubricating oil recommendation is based upon
engine design, type of service, and the ambient
temperature in which the engine is operating. High
quality
oils
are
required
to
ensure
maximum
performance, long engine life, and minimum cost of
operation.
The schedule for changing oil is directly dependent upon
the
operational
environment.
An
extremely
clean
operation could go 150-250 hours, while a dirty operation
(foundry or cement factory) could be 50 hours or less.
See Section 3, Recommended PM and Lubrication
Schedules.
To help ensure that your lift truck’s engine continues to
perform at peak efficiency, Clark recommends the use of
improved motor oils that meet the American Petroleum
Institute (API) designations as outlined below. Look for
the API Service Symbol on the oil container. OIL
PERFORMANCE
DESIGNATION
To
help
achieve
proper engine performance and durability, use only
engine lubricating oils of the proper quality.
These oils also help promote engine efficiency which
results in improved fuel economy. A symbol has been
developed by the API (American Petroleum Institute),
SAE and ASTM to help you select the proper engine oil.
It should be included on the oil container you purchase.
For diesel engines, it is recommended that you use API
Service Classification CD, Service Class D motor oils.
General Recommendations For Engine Oil Viscosity
Ambient Temperature (Average)
Viscosity
80°F or above (300C or above)
SAE 40
320F to 110°F (0°C to 430°C)
SAE 30
70°F to 0°F (21°C to-17°C)
SAE 20W
0°F to -30°F (-17°C to -340°C)
SAE 10W
Multi-grade oils used, such as SAE 5W-20, SAE 10W30,
and SAE 15W-50, should cover the single-grade
recommendation for the ambient temperature involved.
Oil Level Check Procedures
Do not add oil until oil level approaches the LOW mark.
Then add only enough to bring it to high level---NEVER
above. Do not operate the engine with oil level below
LOW level mark or damage to equipment may result.
NOTE
It is normal to add some oil between oil changes. Keep
the oil level above the ADD mark on the dipstick by
adding oil as required. DO NOT OVERFILL. Use the
correct oil as specified in Section 2.1, Service
Specifications.
The dipstick indicates the high and low oil level in the
crankcase. Make allowance for additional oil drainage
back into oil pan if engine has not been stopped 15
minutes. The most efficient oil level is between the two
dipstick levels.
F-65
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